Project Introduction

As more women enter the workforce than ever before, gender disparities in employment, job growth, and pay parity persist in ways that cannot be attributed to cultural factors alone. To inform a move toward gender-agnostic employment equity, it is necessary to identify where gender bias and discrimination shape hiring procedures, ensuring interventions target the right points of entry into the labour force. This project employs a large-scale correspondence audit study to investigate gender-based discrimination in hiring across India’s urban labour markets.

Project Methodology

In the pilot phase, several hundred fictitious applications were generated and submitted in matched sets of four to job postings sourced from leading online job portals such as Naukri.com. Each set was equivalent in qualifications, experience, and skills, varying only in gender-identifying markers such as names, to detect differential employer responses. The research team drew on publicly available CV repositories and AI tools to create realistic resumes, verified using AI-based recruitment software for comparability with actual market applications. Full-scale implementation will be informed by pilot insights, with the study also incorporating variation in caste and religion as secondary lines of inquiry.

Impact

The project offers experimental evidence on gender disparities in access to employment opportunities, contributing to debates on structural barriers to women’s labour force participation in India. Its findings are particularly salient in the context of recent policy changes, including the Maternity Benefit (Amendment) Act, 2017, and are expected to inform both scholarly research and policy-oriented discussions on reducing discrimination in urban hiring practices across India’s labour markets.

Documentation

This project is currently in progress, and will be updated with findings as results arise.